The stereotype that red hair is Jewish remains in parts of Eastern Europe and Russia. Other studies have found that 3.69% of Jewish women overall were found to have red hair, but around 10.9% of all Jewish men have red beards. In 1903, 5.6% of Polish Jews had red hair. Red hair is also found amongst the Ashkenazi Jewish populations. The Volga region still has one of the highest percentages of red-headed people. In the late 18th century, ethnographers considered the Udmurt people of the Volga Region in Russia to be "the most red-headed men in the world". Later by the 10th century, Southern Slavic populations would have darker hair and skin tone, as the Slavs assimilated the indigenous inhabitants of the Balkans, including Greek and Illyrian peoples. Eastern Europeīyzantine writers, Jordanes and Procopius described the early Slavic peoples as having ruddy hair and skin tone. A 1956 study of hair colour among British Army recruits also found high levels of red hair in Wales and in the Scottish border counties of England. In 1907, the largest ever study of hair colour in Scotland, which analysed over 500,000 people, found the percentage of Scots with red hair to be 5.3%. In Scotland, around 6% of the population has red hair, with the highest concentration of red head carriers in the world found in Edinburgh, making it the red head capital of the world. Great Britain also has a high percentage of people with red hair. Ireland has the highest number of red-haired people per capita in the world, with the percentage of those with red hair at around 10%. Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe it is centred around populations in the British Isles and is particularly associated with the Celtic nations.
Geographic distribution Modern Northern and Northwestern Europe
The term "redhead" has been in use since at least 1510. Ĭultural reactions to red hair have been varied. Characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin, it is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye color, freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light. Red hair varies in hue from a deep burgundy or bright copper, or auburn, to burnt orange or red-orange to strawberry blond. It is most common in individuals homozygous for a recessive allele on chromosome 16 that produces an altered version of the MC1R protein. Red hair, also known as orange hair or ginger hair, is a human hair color found in 1–2% of the world population, appearing with greater frequency (2–6%) among people of Northern or Northwestern European ancestry and lesser frequency in other populations.
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